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A site about radio’s carriers, the platforms replacing them, and who pays for the signal.

20172024

The Switchovers

2017

One Region at a Time: How Norway Turned Off FM in 2017

The world's first national FM switch-off was not a single event. It was eleven separate cutovers, one geography at a time, completed across an entire calendar year.

Read the eleven cutovers
One Region at a Time: How Norway Turned Off FM in 2017

The angle is operational: how a single master-control room at Marienlyst managed a sequenced shutdown across the country's geography.

Photo: Skylar Kang / Pexels

Four decisions, and not one of them technical

The whole register
2024

The Switchovers

Switzerland Closes the Loop

Describes Switzerland's completion of its DAB+ migration in 2024, including the OFCOM decision timeline and the distinction between national and regional FM retention.

Switzerland Closes the Loop

The angle is comparative: what Switzerland did differently from Norway and why the Swiss timetable ran seven years later.

Photo: FernsehturmBantiger · Wikimedia Commons
2020

Listening

The Dashboard Is the Real Battleground

Examines Android Auto and CarPlay as the dominant in-car radio interfaces and what their adoption means for DAB+, HD Radio, and streaming relative to analogue FM, drawing on automobile manufacturer data and published Ofcom and Edison Research listening surveys.

The Dashboard Is the Real Battleground

The angle is displacement: the platform that controls the car screen controls the morning commute.

Photo: Viralyft / Pexels
1995

The Money

SoundExchange and the Right That Terrestrial Radio Still Does Not Pay

Explains the US digital audio performance right established by the Digital Performance in Sound Recordings Act of 1995, SoundExchange's role as the statutory collective, and the explicit terrestrial-radio exemption that iHeartMedia's terrestrial stations have always benefited from — drawing on SoundExchange's published annual reports and the Copyright Act text.

SoundExchange and the Right That Terrestrial Radio Still Does Not Pay

The angle is the asymmetry: two broadcasters running the same song at the same moment, one paying and one not.

Photo: SoundExchange logo · Wikimedia Commons
2019

The Groups

iHeartMedia: The Debt, the Chapter 11, and What Emerged in 2019

Covers the leveraged-buyout debt load accumulated by Clear Channel Communications after the 2008 Bain Capital / Thomas H.

iHeartMedia: The Debt, the Chapter 11, and What Emerged in 2019

The angle is the arithmetic: the company was profitable at the operating level throughout and the filing was a balance-sheet problem, not a revenue problem.

Photo: Magda Ehlers / Pexels

The Switchovers · no date

HD Radio's Adoption Curve and the Absent Switch-Off Date

The United States has a functioning digital radio standard, a growing receiver base, and no date on which analogue FM will stop.

Read what stands instead of a date

Shut down, dated, or no date at all

Open the map

Norway and Switzerland have ended national FM. Denmark, the United Kingdom and Germany are migrating without a fixed date; France and Italy have ruled that FM stays.

National FM offMigrating, no date setFM stays · pin only

Four decisions, four different instruments

YearTerritoryWhat was decidedInstrument
2017NorwayNational FM networks closed; local FM keptStorting decision, NRK rollout schedule
2024SwitzerlandSRG SSR ends FM transmissionOFCOM decision timeline
2020GermanyNew car radios must receive DAB+Telekommunikationsgesetz, BNetzA notice
United KingdomNo switch-off confirmedCoverage-and-listening threshold

Eight capitals, each linked to the piece that carries its decision.